The Ultimate Guide to Paper Weight and Thickness for Printing
Paper weight and thickness are very important in printing any material, from books and booklets to business cards and flyers. Knowing about paper weight and thickness helps you get the results you want and will help your project stand out.
Understanding Paper Weight
Paper weight shows how heavy or dense the paper is. It relates to its thickness and strength. There are two main systems to measure paper weight: GSM and pounds.
GSM and Pounds
GSM means grams per square meter. It’s used in most countries. It tells you how much a square meter of paper weighs. For example, an A0 sheet of 80 GSM paper weighs 80 grams.
In the USA and Canada, paper weight is measured in pounds (lbs). This system is called the basis weight. But the basis size can change with the type of paper, which can be confusing.
Converting GSM to Pounds
Converting between GSM and pounds can be tricky. For text paper, 1 lb is about 1.48 GSM. For cover paper, 1 lb equals about 2.708 GSM. This difference is because of the varying basis sizes.
For example, standard office paper in the USA is 20 lb Bond Letter Size, which is about 75 GSM. This is similar to 80 GSM A4 paper used in other countries.
International Standards
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) sets global standards for paper weight. ISO 536 defines grammage as grams per square meter (g/m²). The GSM system allows easy comparison between different papers.
Paper Thickness and Why It Matters
Paper thickness affects quality, durability, and how the paper is used.
Measuring Thickness
We measure paper thickness in microns (μm). One micron is 0.001 mm. Thickness affects how the paper bends, prints, and feels.
Bulk and Density
Bulk is how much space the paper takes up for its weight. Higher bulk means thicker paper with more air inside. Density is how heavy the paper is for its volume. Papers with higher density are thinner and more compact.
For example, a 60 GSM paper with a bulk of 1.5 is 90 μm thick. The same paper with a bulk of 2.0 is 120 μm thick. They weigh the same but have different thicknesses.
Effect on Print Quality
Thicker paper can absorb ink more evenly, leading to richer colors. This is important for photos and art prints. However, very thick paper might need special handling in printers.
Coated papers are often thinner but have a smooth surface. They provide excellent print quality with sharp text and detailed images.
Coated vs. Uncoated Paper
Coated paper has a surface layer that improves its properties. It doesn’t absorb ink as much, so colors are brighter and details are sharper. Uncoated paper absorbs more ink, giving a softer look.
Coated papers are usually thinner than uncoated papers of the same weight. This difference can influence how the paper feels and what it’s suitable for.
Common Paper Weights and Uses
Different paper weights serve different purposes.
Lightweight Papers (Under 80 GSM)
Used when thin sheets are needed, like in Bibles and dictionaries. They reduce bulk in large books.
Mediumweight Papers (80–120 GSM)
Standard copy paper is 80 GSM. It’s used for everyday printing and books. Heavier options like 90 GSM are good for business letters and reports. Papers between 105–120 GSM are sturdier, ideal for resumes and letterheads.
Medium to Heavyweight Papers (120–170 GSM)
These are thicker and less see-through. They’re great for high-quality color printing. Used for brochures, catalogs, magazines, photobooks, and booklets.
Heavyweight Papers (170–250 GSM)
Designed for durability and a substantial feel. Used for book covers, photobooks, business brochures, business cards, invitations, and postcards.
Card Papers (250+ GSM)
Used for maximum durability and rigidity. Ideal for packaging, business cards, and hardcover books.
Specialty Papers
Specialty papers offer unique textures and finishes.
Textured Papers
Have raised surfaces like linen, felt, or embossed patterns. Used in luxury packaging, high-quality brochures, invitations, and book covers.
Recycled and Eco-Friendly Options
Made from sustainable materials like hemp, recycled cotton, straw, bamboo, or sugarcane. They reduce environmental impact and offer unique textures.
Choosing the Right Paper for Your Project
Business Cards
Use paper between 300 and 400 GSM. This provides durability and a premium feel. Heavier weights like 450 GSM offer a luxurious touch.
Marketing Materials
For brochures and flyers, use paper between 115 GSM and 150 GSM. Use heavier paper for covers to add durability.
Packaging and Labels
Labels usually range from 80 to 130 GSM. Packaging often uses paper above 250 GSM for strength and protection.
Books
For novels and text-heavy books, lighter paper (70–90 GSM) reduces bulk. For children’s books and art books, heavier paper (150–170 GSM) provides better image quality and durability.
Conclusion
Paper weight and thickness greatly affect the quality and feel of printed materials. Understanding these factors helps you choose the right paper for your needs. Whether it’s for everyday use or premium projects, the right paper makes a difference.
FAQs
- What is 80 GSM paper used for?
It’s standard office paper used for printing, copying, brochures, letterheads, and memos.
- Which is thicker: 70 GSM or 115 GSM paper?
It depends on the paper type. An uncoated 70 GSM paper might be thicker than a coated 115 GSM paper.
- What is the difference between GSM and microns?
GSM measures weight (grams per square meter). Microns measure thickness. Higher GSM often means thicker paper, but not always.
- Is heavier paper always better?
Not necessarily. Heavier paper feels premium but may not suit all projects, especially those with many pages.
- Can all printers handle heavy paper?
No. Some printers can’t handle paper above certain weights. Papers over 170 GSM may need special printers.
